Refractive

The FRCOphth Part 1 is one of the most difficult exams in ophthalmology training, with an exam pass rate of 39.6% over the last 12...
Cataract has been documented to be the most significant cause of bilateral blindness in India, where vision Nearly 70% of India’s population resides in rural...
The advent of simulation technology has enhanced modern medical training. The first utilisation of simulation was in 1929 where Edward Link used this concept to...
“It cost me an arm and a leg.” - Mr B told me. An arm and a leg to be seen by the famous Russian...
Learning how to refract requires theoretical knowledge, practice and determination. Refraction is a notoriously challenging skill to acquire and the competing demands on junior ophthalmologists...
Keratoconus is an ectatic condition of the cornea characterised by progressive conical distortion with irregular astigmatism, myopia and apical protrusion. Most cases progress slowly resulting...
A few months ago a retired lady presented for second eye cataract surgery. I noted on the pre-op ward round that the outcome of her...
The desired result of cataract surgery is improved visual acuity without the use of spectacles. In practice most patients following initial cataract extraction are likely...
Europe: from the Greek eurus: broad, wide, and ops: eye, face, sight. Thus Europe = the far-sighted (lady). For my first contribution to this column...
Studying for this exam makes one wonder how there is so much to know about such a small organ. The FRCOphth Part 1 examination is...
Eponymous names are familiar to all who have undergone undergraduate and postgraduate training in medicine. The ability to name a few allows one to stand...
A 65-year-old very high myope lady presented with sudden blurred vision down to count fingers to her right eye after a short and sharp pain....
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